This article deals with social welfare question in Slovak Republic in historical context of social policy development as well as with analysing conditions for implementation of social welfare after Slovakia joined European Union. Our preface brings a survey of basic terminology related to social policy and social welfare. The first part focuses on historical development of social policy and social welfare. The second part and the conclusion describe principles applied to social welfare through social insurance and indicates problems with rising levies, going to the national budget, and other problems with social funds usage and fulfillments.